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Posts Tagged ‘evolution’

Influenza: Evolution in a Petridish

Wednesday, June 24th, 2009

If you’ve ever gone to your local clinic or doctor’s office to get your annual flu shot, you know there is either a line or a few days wait before you can get poked by an ancient nurse with shaky hands and bad eyesight. The trouble of going there, waiting in an uncomfortable chair, and smelling her musty perfume every year tends to get old before your first time. You start to wonder, “Why do I have to come in every year, while other vaccines are guaranteed for multiple years, sometimes even a decade or more?” It must be the pharmaceutical companies wanting all of your hard earned cash or sucking your insurance dry. Wrong.

The influenza viruses are known for their ability to mutate. Any virus is highly capable of doing this at a fast rate, but the flu is infamous for its high rate of mutation, meaning your shot will be pretty much useless ten months from the day you got it. This is due to a virus’ ability to cut, copy, and paste their host’s and their own DNA practically anyway and anywhere they want it. They can swap genes with their host or even other viruses vacationing in the same organism. This means your immunities for last year’s virus is now out of style, and won’t protect you against the new strain.  If you are a rich masochist, this is wonderful news. However, if you are like many others who fear pain and/or needles, getting the flu doesn’t sound like such a bad thing after all.

How is this related to evolution? It is the fundamentals of the process. Evolution occurs when one or more mutations change an organism. Over time, these mutations allow the animal to adapt. Some mutations are useful to finches in gathering certain types of food; other mutations help viruses spread faster. The influenza viruses are constantly evolving. Every year the common strain will mutate, leaving the previous vaccine moot and ineffective. Although it has a mutation that can drastically effect the way it works, it is still an influenza virus. This is known as microevolution. A mutation will change the organism’s appearance or function, but it will still be of the same species. Many skeptics of evolution typically have a hard time believing in giant leaps in the process, also known as macro evolution. What many fail to understand is that macroevolution is simply many micro evolutions over time in a population to evolve into a new species.  In animals, the process of mutation takes much longer than a virus. It can take hundreds or thousands of years before enough micro evolutions occur and separate a group into its own species.

Viruses are constantly mutating and going through tiny microevolutions, but people hardly ever think of it that way. They just think their vaccine wears off and needs renewed. Remember the next time you go to the doctor to get your shot that it’s well worth the old lady musk and “bee sting” injection, because with every new strain your body has a lower chance of keeping the virus from running its full course.

“Behold, it was very good.”

Saturday, December 6th, 2008

“God saw every thing that he had made, and, behold, it was very good.” —Genesis 1:31

“For the invisible things of him from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even his eternal power and Godhead; so that they are without excuse.” —Romans 1:20

Creationists often claim that the ‘beauty of creation’ tells us something about the nature of their god; and that we atheists are ‘without excuse’ for not believing in god after looking at the world around us. The closet creationists, the IDists, also claim that such wonderful design in the universe is proof of a designer, which to them is the Christian god.

Now, let us take a look at a beautiful organism that must have been created by god. The evidence for special creation of this organism is so convincing that I am seriously doubting my acceptance of evolution.

This wonderful organism, Cymothoa exigua, simply must have been created by a loving creator! This cute little tongue-eating isopod causes degeneration of the tongue of its host fish, the rose snapper, Lutjanus guttatus, and it then attaches to the remaining tongue stub and floor of the fish’s mouth by hook-like pereopods. In this position the isopod acts as a replacement to the fish’s missing tongue, and in a marvel of god’s sheer ingenuity, gets the first opportunity to devour incoming meals.

Praise god for creating such a wonderful organism! Through this, we see that god loves parasites, is sadistic, might have been on pot, should not be messed around with, and…oh…according to Christians, must be worshiped. If you don’t worship this sadistic god, he will damn you to hell, and considering his amazing creations such as the above, this is a threat that we should seriously consider! Praise the Lord! Praise the Lord for being a loving and sadistic god at the same time! Praise the Lord for giving us such awesome creatures that helps us marvel at the beauty of his creation!

Praise our Father in heaven, the loving Creator of gruesome organisms! Amen.

A creationist apologizes for…lying.

Sunday, October 12th, 2008

Who would have guessed?

In an act that completely stunned those of us who are familiar with the often-intentional deceptive tactics that the creationists employ for Jesus to promote their dogma, (in)famous YouTube creationist VenomFangX apologized for filing false DMCA claims against another user.

For those who need an introduction, VenomFangX is a particularly clueless creationist who insists on clogging up YouTube with insanity that ranges from the idea that evolution is a tool of Satan to fawning screeds of Kent Hovind-worship. Despite being repeatedly called out for his outrageous and blatantly false claims, VenomFangX has adamantly refused to admit that his claims are all made out of hot air.

The story took a turn for the funny when VenomFang X decided that he did not like the series “Why Do People Laugh at Creationists?” made by another user, Thunderf00t. He proceeded to file false DMCA notices against Thunderf00t in an attempt at censorship. Thunderf00t decided that it was time to teach our creationist a lesson, and obtained proof that VenomFangX deliberately committed perjury in the process of filing the claims. Instead of suing the living daylights out of VenomFangX and having his account permabanned from YouTube, Thunderf00t decided to make a public example out of VenomFangX by making him – gasp – apologize and admit that he was lying all along.

Click here to watch VenomFangX getting owned.

Apparently, his devotion to Jesus did not stop VenomFangX from lying. Oh, the irony of it all!

Fundamentalist Theatre 3000 BC – Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed (Part 2)

Sunday, October 12th, 2008

Here it is, Part II of my grand, time-wasting refutation.

31:22 – A cell could not have been the result of Darwinian evolution because it is a machine of at least 250 perfectly ordered proteins, each of which has to work to maintain a lifeform. Therefore there must be an intelligent design to make something this ordered and precise.

That’s assuming that proteins have all-or-nothing function, which is COMPLETELY false. There are countless mutants of even just one protein and different mutants of different proteins have different catalytic efficiencies. Most mutations don’t even have an effect on fitness, and are silent due to the degeneracy of the genetic code (multiple codons encode for the same protein). And different cellular structures can be analogous but not homologous, meaning that they have different evolutionary bases but the same function, just as with the flagella of the archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes – demonstrating that there are multiple pathways to adaptations that essentially do the same thing.

Furthermore, the longer back a protein’s lineage is, the more conserved (unlikely to change over time) it is since said protein has undergone selective pressure and any new non-silent mutations would be even more likely to be catastrophic to function. This can lead to some very inefficient proteins, such as Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco), which has enzymatic activity of only 4 molecules per second (most enzymes have activities of hundreds or thousands per second) but is critical for the carbon fixation cycle. If everything were so intricate and intelligently designed, Rubisco would be far more efficient and not have to consist of 40% of total proteins in the cell NOR would it be sensitive to something as simple as oxygen.

Rubisco. If it were intelligently designed, God must really have been on something.

Life can loosely be defined as a structure that is capable of metabolism, can self-replicate, and can regulate its own environment. There is strong circumstantial evidence that all three can occur individually even through very simple, immediate phenomenon; lipids, which were created by the Miller-Urey Experiment, can spontaneously form into micelles given a certain concentration of lipids (the Critical Micelle Concentation). These micelles are enclosed structures capable of forming a basis of a micro environment.

Abiogenesis Goes Far Beyond “Lightning Striking a Mud Puddle” – Thomas Cech’s Experiments

Nobel Laureate Thomas Cech showed through a fragment assay where he stripped away various portions of the bacterial ribosome that if 95% of all proteins were stripped away, the ribosome would still be capable of peptidyl transferase activity. He also found that the protein did not exist around the active sites of the ribosome. Through this and various other experiments, Cech demonstrated that RNA functions as both an encoder and a catalyst (a catalyzing RNA is referred to as a ribozyme).

Cech further demonstrated that such an RNA molecule can be relatively simple and can form through a variety of pathways. Cech sequenced random RNA sequences and found that out of a total of 10^85 possible molecules with just 172 bases, around one per 10^15 molecules was capable of some peptidyl transferase activity. Thus there are 10^70 different molecules with different bases capable of PT activity – and just for those molecules with 172 bases! Thus, one does not need a intricately and intelligently designed ribozyme to perform seemingly advanced metabolic activities – random polymerization and then selective pressure for those molecules best able to self-replicate will suffice.

39:31 – Ben fawns over Capital Hill town idiot Congressman Mark Souder (R-IN), who has proposed a bill preserving “academic freedom” at the Smithsonian in response to Sternberg’s “persecution”. This is just one of many examples of “The Academy”, a shadowy organization dedicated to eliminating God from the science lab.

Congressman Souder’s admits that he is from a district where the Democrats need to be conservatives to survive and the Republicans are even more far to the right. Belief in the literal truth of the Bible hardly makes him some sort of nonpartisan arbiter in the Evolution-ID debate. Oh, and parroting the Expelled movie ON his house website doesn’t really help.

41:29 – The National Center for Science Education is at the forefront of keeping Darwinism in power. They are one of many watchdog organizations, along with that demonic ACLU, which is in cahoots with The Academy.

And there are numerous watchdog organizations that do exactly the opposite. To imply some sort of liberal conspiracy theory is one of the many disingenuous claims this movie makes.

James Dobson, chairman of Focus on the Family and more guilty of spamming peoples’ e-mails than half of Nigeria

43:35 – Darwinism turns goodly, God-fearing Christians into Atheists! Just look at Richard Dawkins and PZ Myers! Beware!

(See 57:22 for more)

Although the percentage of Americans who believe evolution stand at an appallingly low 40% (only several percentage points above hardcore creationism), almost 80% of Americans consider themselves Christians… meaning that even if we assume that everyone in the remaining 20% believed in evolution, 50% of evolutionists would have to be Christians. I’m sure that they are Christians In Name Only, because they probably belong to some liberal church that supports gay marriage or is maybe just a front group for *gulp* humanism.

44:18 – Ben uses the example of the Abrams Report on MSNBC (now Verdict w/ Dan Abrams), who absolutely dismantled a lawyer from the Thomas More Law Foundation representing the defendants of the Dover School District Trial to show that the media is firmly in the hands of Big Science.

Kudos to Dan Abrams; he called out the IDers for what they really are – closest creationists. And while Abrams, Keith Olbermann, and maybe even Chris Matthews on MSNBC lean to the left, there have always been more conservative pundits on cable TV. Right-wingers Bill O’Reilly, Sean Hannity, and Glenn Beck all gave the Expelled movie itself glowing reviews. I also have yet to see an unabashedly far-left organization that masquerades itself as “News”, just as FOX News does for the right.

45:41- Pamela Winnick “refused to take sides” in an article on the evolution-ID debate. But the Darwinists still persecuted her because she refused to show enough deference to evolution.

This is actually one area where Ben Stein gets it partially right. Winnick’s original article does try to set a neutral tone between the evolution-ID debate… although it does make the false assumption that ID is a serious theory that needs to be debated. But Stein gives no examples of how she was “persecuted”. And now Pamela Winnick cannot be considered a non-partisan journalist – her new book “Science’s War Against Religion“.

46:36 – Darwinism has infiltrated the courts in a last-ditch attempt to stop Intelligent Design. Representing the vanguard of the effort is the ACLU.

A court is a forum where all the evidence for or against Intelligent Design and/or the Theory of Evolution can be debated, discussed, and refuted. Oh wait, I forgot you don’t have any evidence – maybe that’s why you’re so afraid of the judicial system.

49:44 - Darwinists have given up on defending their own theory, and have simply resorted to attacking their opponent (religion and intelligent design) like a dirty politician.

On the contrary, this film and the IDers do the very same thing you’re decrying, and I have the liveblog to prove it.

53:12 – There have been plenty of religious people who are also scientists like Isaac Newton and Galileo. Darwinists don’t have a monopoly on good science.

No one said they did except the film, which is just used to build up a persecution complex. Francis Collins is a relatively conservative evangelical Christian and a very accomplished scientist who worked on the Human Genome Project – but the difference between him and the ID people is that the ID people use religion to manipulate science despite the overwhelming evidence.

57:22 – PZ Myers was not only converted to atheism through Darwinism, but now also actively seeks to marginalize religion, bring it down, and make it irrelevant in the public sphere.

Just one in a long line of fear-baiting arguments that this film makes. There are plenty of religious people who believe in the Theory of Evolution; even the Catholic Church and the very conservative Pope Benedict XVI’s doctrine (while not altogether rational) claim the theory as valid and leave it up to the (real) scientists.

Furthermore, Stein is insinuating that atheists are out to overthrow Christianity or something, which is completely false. This is to suggest that atheists are one monolithic force that is “out to get religion”, whereas in reality atheists are just as diverse in world view as the various Christian, Jewish, Muslim or other religious denominations. There are atheists like myself who are more or less content with keeping the separation between Church and State, and more “hardcore” atheists who seek actively to challenge the views of religious people just as Christian evangelicals do the same to nonbelievers.

The EVIL ATHEIST CONSPIRACY is coming! Watch out, or you may become one of “Them”.

There is also no conflict between religion and the Theory of Evolution as long as one sees The Bible and other holy books as a damned (pardon my language) allegory rather than word-for-word truths – as many moderate and liberal Christians have… not to mention that France during the Enlightenment experienced an upsurge of atheism up to a point in time where even the famous Cathedral of Notre Dame ceased to be a religious institution for a time – all of this before Darwin was aboard the HMS Beagle.

Finally, the context of the question posed to PZ Myers is also severely lacking – if you were to ask an evangelical Christian what would be their ideal world, it would almost certainly be a monotonous one where there might not be homosexuality and every single individual were an evangelical Christian who adhered to the same brand of Christianity and was “saved”. It was obvious that PZ Myers would say that he preferred a world where scientific research would marginalize in all aspects of life.

Fundamentalist Theatre 3000 BC – Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed (Part 1)

Thursday, October 9th, 2008

Yes, I am a science major… you wouldn’t know it from all the political and historical stuff that I’m writing around here (it is election season), but this should make up for the next five political posts. Seeing as how I’m sick this week and don’t really feel like writing up a full article, I dugg up a comprehensive refutation of Ben Stein’s steaming pile of success, “Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed” that I had written a while back. Again, this is so you don’t have to watch the movie (this time I can only provide illegal links anyways) and know what dumbass comments that the pseudointellectual Stein is making. This is only part one however, since there are too many stupid comments to put it all on one post.

00:42 – Ben Stein brings up the example of Dr. Richard Sternberg, who didn’t “tow the party line” and agreed to publish an article by IDer Stephen Meyer. Sternberg was subsequently forced to resign.

According to the Biological Society of Washington which had to bear the shame of that particular article being in their publication, Sternberg did not follow conventional procedure when deciding to publish the article, which was to have a board consisting of councilors, former and current presidents, and officers. But knowing that the Meyer article would not survive the rigors of peer review, Sternberg decided to personally fast-track the article to publication.

04:05 – Stein challenges Michael Shermer, using the moniker of “academic freedom” to contest that Stephen Meyer and Sternberg should have been allowed to publish their article without incident, and says that IDers are being persecuted.

I’ve already argued that Sternberg basically fell on his sword to look like a martyr.

05:11 – Dr. Caroline Crocker got fired from George Mason University for simply mentioning – not promoting – intelligent design. She is now blacklisted and is a persecuted individual.

Yes. She wasn’t promoting intelligent design. I’m sure some non-partisan independent source like… oh say the Washington Post will back her up…. right? The fact is that Crocker was pushing intelligent design in the classroom, and anything short of screaming at the top of your lungs “GOD DID IT” would be considered “neutral” in the eyes of Ben Stein.

“[...] this highly trained biologist wanted students to know what she herself deeply believed: that the scientific establishment was perpetrating fraud, hunting down critics of evolution to ruin them and disguising an atheistic view of life in the garb of science.”

She even resorts to Godwin’s Rule during the very lecture TO HER STUDENTS. No wonder she was disciplined; This was indoctrination and even if she wasn’t playing the victim card and crying “persecution!”, George Mason was completely justified in what it was doing.

“The students sat stunned. But Crocker was not done. From this ill-conceived theory, she concluded, much harm had arisen. Nazi Germany had taken Darwin’s ideas about natural selection, the credo that only the fittest survive, and followed it to its extreme conclusions — anti-Semitism, eugenics and death camps. ‘What happened in Germany in World War II was based on science, that some genes and some people should be killed,’ Crocker said quietly. ‘My grandfather had a genetic problem and was put in the hospital and killed.’”

06:35 – Neurosurgeon Michael Egnor asserts that doctors do not need to study evolution, and the Darwinists went on the attack, pressing him to retire or resign.

Right. The study of evolutionary biology in doctorates varies… and within that range is little or none at all. In any case, we’ve already shown in the case of Richard Sternberg how ID’ers love to play the victim card… and since Egnor still retains his post and cannot substantiate any of his claims, he’s probably just pissed off at a few bloggers.

07:20 – Professor Marks of Baylor University was forced by academia to shut down his research and return grant money for links to the intelligent design movement.

First of all, Marks is a professor of electrical engineering, not evolutionary biology – just to make things clear. And Baylor University did offer to keep the site hosted on the university as long as Marks changed the title from “Evolutionary Informatics Lab” to something less deceiving and if he disassociated the site from being affiliated with the university; even this evangelical magazine lauded Baylor’s compromise. But Marks, determined to be a martyr, refused, and the site is now hosted on non-university servers.

08:53 – Guillermo Gonzalez of Iowa State University was denied tenure because he claimed in his book the Privileged Planet that the universe had an intelligent designer. All this despite his “stellar research record” – no pun intended.

[If there are any astronomy majors who would like to add to this, please e-mail Edger]

“By assessing the elements that compose our planet, they argue, we can tell that it was designed for multicellular organic life. The presence of carbon, oxygen and water in the right proportions makes it possible for organic life to exist; and this combination of minerals and chemical elements exists only on Earth. [...] our planet is exquisitely fit not only to support life, but also to give us the best view of the universe, as if Earth were designed both for life and for scientific discovery.

So not only organisms now, but the Earth itself? So no chance through naturalistic properties a planet in the Goldilocks Zone and of the right size could have formed in the Sun’s accretion disc? And I suppose that stars are incapable of generating heavier elements that are later expelled via a supernova or that the proportion of chemical elements can change on this planet or on other planets has changed over these billions of years to one of more or less accommodation towards multicellular life? This guy deserves to get laughed out of the scientific community, not just potentially reprimanded.

By the way, there is a video version of The Privileged Planet on Google Video narrated by none other than John Rhys-Davies, AKA Gimli and Treebeard of Lord of the Rings. And just when I thought I couldn’t lose any more respect for him after his appearance in the Sci-Fi Channel Original Movie “Chupacabra: Dark Seas” -

Yes, it’s El Chupacabra. On a fracking cruise liner. It’s that bad.

15:02 – Discovery Institute President Bruce Chapman claims that the notion of ID masquerading as religion is a “red herring” and that the Discovery Institute relies on scientific evidence and has persons of all religions, “including agnostics”. Intelligent Design is simply the study of patterns in nature that are best explained by an intelligent creator.

I suppose posting the image of your organization’s former logo won’t exactly help -

20:17 – As Newtonian Physics has been supplanted as well, Darwinism is an obsolete 19th century theory that is falling apart in the face of new evidence.

On the contrary, Classical Darwinism was based on very flawed Lamarckian principles that basically assert that if a physical adaptation confers an advantage, an organism’s offspring will have that adaptation enlarged or lengthened. This of course is ridiculous and was supplanted as the “engine” of natural selection by genetic mutations caused by environmental hazards and errors by the cell’s DNA polymerases. This mechanism is far more plausible than Lamarck’s, and only serves to strengthen the Theory of Evolution.

21:50 – Dr. Stephen Meyer states that it’s his job as a scientist to stop “one hand from clapping” and challenge the conventional theory of Darwinism. He claims that for every shred of evidence supporting Darwinism, there is a counterargument that supports ID.

That’s like saying that we should give the flat-earth “theory” equal time too… because the round-earthers have been monopolizing the science world, you know.

22:54 – Jonathan Wells claims that Darwinists are distorting the evidence and are “harming science”.

I wonder which group is going “hm, this looks too complex to undergo gradual genetic mutations, so I’m not going to attempt to try to find out how” and ignoring the scientific method.

25:15 – Mathematician David Berlinski claims that evolution is so vague about so many things that it cannot fit mathematical models like other theories and points to the vague definition of “species” as one of Darwinism’s fallacies.

There have been debates over the definition of species that lie well outside the realm of Darwinism; in fact, there are at least ELEVEN different ways to define and differentiate a species, and evolution directly involves only one of them. A straw-man argument… although this vagueness can allow for inter-species breeding, which can be a huge source of genetic variation which only works more to the detriment of ID/Creationism.

27:04 – Darwin was arrogant in titling his book “The Origin of Species” rather than “The Origin of Man”, and presumed to know more than he could prove.

A low-blow character attack that I wouldn’t put past this movie – not to mention that Darwin observed finches and not humans. No matter Darwin’s supposed arrogance, scientists are allowed to make bold hypotheses IF they are grounded in reality, but the latter element would be missing from the Creationist’s mind.

28:13 – Ben Stein incredulously points to a “Darwinist” documentary film that states that “perhaps the chemicals in the early Earth’s atmosphere were jump started by lightning”

Nonspontaneous, or thermodynamically unfavorable reactions such as the formation of the various compounds in the Miller-Urey Experiment (see below) NEED energy to work. Lightning is a perfectly good source, and Stein’s incredulousness stems from his own ignorance.

28:45 – The Miller-Urey experiment, where a chemical composition believed to mimic that of the early Earth’s atmosphere and catalyzed with lightning, failed to produce life.

A visual representation of the Miller-Urey Experiment

This is such a common straw man argument used by many ID’ers/Creationists. The objective of the Miller-Urey Experiment was NOT to create life, but to see if a simulation of Earth’s early atmosphere consisting of simply inorganic compounds along with an energy source (lightning) could generate organic compounds. It was NOT a failure, and in fact after just one week, amino acids along with sugars, lipids, and nucleic acid precursors formed. It is impossible to have this happen in today’s atmosphere because oxygen turns the atmosphere from neutral to reducing – of course, oxygen was nonexistent due to the lack of photosynthetic organisms on the early Earth.

The many simple organic molecules formed by the Miller-Urey Experiment in just a week

More to come… the entire movie is approximately 90 minutes long.

DaveScot needs to stop failing

Thursday, October 2nd, 2008

Just when we thought that DaveScot may have finally decided to make a teeny bit of sense after all, he ends up crashing our hopes to the ground by posting something so mind-numbingly ridiculous; making us realize that his drama is a train wreck that we simply cannot stop watching. Over at Uncommon Descent, he decides to have a little fun with Google Trends:

He triumphantly posts:

Blue: Intelligent Design
Red: Darwinian Evolution
Orange: Scientific Creationism
Green: Theological Evolution

Any questions?

Yeah, DaveScot. Because, you know, your average Googler would use the term ‘Darwinian Evolution’ when looking up information on evolutionary biology.

Good to know.Looking at the graph, we see ID getting lots of attention in 2005 at the time that the Dover trial was talking place and when the IDists were whining about being trounced in court. However, notice that there apparently has been hardly any interest in ID before Dover, and still hardly any after the dust from Dover settled. For all the books the IDists have been writing, for all the propaganda they have been spewing, for all their bleating over Expelled – people are simply not paying attention. Yes, the scientific community already knew long ago that ID was a crock, but apparently nobody else has been paying attention either. Funny how DaveScot chooses not to mention this (which would have been plainly obvious by even a cursory glance at the graph), don’t you think?

Now, let us use Google Trends to get a graph for people searching for ‘evolution’, which would obviously be the choice for someone looking for information about – gasp – evolution. To be fair, I will also use ‘creationism’ instead of ’scientific creationism’. We get this:

Ouch. That must hurt for DaveScot who just a moment ago was arrogantly asking for questions. When asked why he used the term ‘Darwinian evolution’ instead of just ‘evolution’, he responded:

ID doesn’t dispute all “evolution”. It disputes Darwinian evolution.

Just…wow. Despite the fact that the IDists have never been able to come up with an actual answer to what ID actually is and despite the fact that they have never been able to agree on what part of ‘evolution’ they actually accept (Behe accepts common descent and human evolution, Dembski does not, etc.), DaveScot is now fudging and shifting the goalposts again in an effort to have his cake and eat it too. What makes this whole situation even more hilarious is that based on the very graph that he posted, most people not only do not buy into the ID nonsense, they do not even seem to care! The IDists have failed at convincing the scientific community to give their unscientific dogma the time of the day and they have apparently not made much headway in the court of public opinion as well, even with all this fudging and hedging.

I am really curious as to what ‘evolution’ the IDists accept. The Lamarackian version?

He continues:

When I say Darwinian evolution I mean the term writ large accounting for the entire history of life on earth. Do I really need to tediously qualify it at every mention? I don’t think so. Most of the subscribers and audience here recognize by now that micro-evolution by chance & necessity is not being disputed. We don’t dispute facts. We dispute theory.

Uh…what? ID does not accept evolution that accounts for the history of life on earth but accepts micro-evolution, which somehow does not qualify as ‘Darwinian evolution’? Why wouldn’t micro-evolution qualify as being ‘Darwinian’, but somehow explaining the history of life counts as ‘Darwinian’ evolution? What is the imaginary barrier separating the two? At this point, we can safely say that DaveScot does not have a clue and is making it up and fudging even more in an effort to blunder along.

Maybe, DaveScot, it is time for you and the rest of your ID propagandists to stop failing. Just…stop.

Creationists and the good old hominid fossils

Tuesday, September 23rd, 2008

When it comes to the issue of transitional fossils in the case of human evolution, creationists often claim that none of the hominid fossils discovered are transitional fossils at all, insisting that they are either all-ape or all-human (and thus can be easily classified into ‘ape’ and ‘human’ categories). Scientists disagree, and point out that the fossils are from a number of closely related species intermediate between apes and humans.

Creationists also claim that evolution is somehow weakened by the fact that scientists often disagree on the classification of hominid fossils, failing to realize that in evolutionary theory, one would expect to find the fossils hard to classify, and that if the fossils could easily be placed into clear-cut categories, it would lend credence the creationist story instead.

Ed Brayton
has a post up where he includes the following chart (by Jim Foley) that shows several of the major hominid specimens and how the major creationist writers classify them:

If the fossils are easily classified into ‘ape’ and ‘human’ categories, why do creationists disagree so much on how to classify them? If the lines dividing the fossils into neatly packaged categories are indeed as clear as they would like you to believe, why can’t the leading lights of ’scientific creationism’ see those lines and agree on them? Don’t the creationists realize that, contrary to their pet story, the difficulty of classifying the hominid fossils is due to the fact that the fossils are intermediates and not all-ape or all-human as they like to claim? Again, the confusion and disagreements are simply what we would expect if the evolutionary explanation, and not the creationist one, were true.

Without even realizing it, the creationists have made our point for us yet again. If only the ’scientific creationists’ were open-minded and scientific enough to fully comprehend the implications of this, they would realize that their creation myth has more holes than a porous sponge and decide to join the rest of us in reality.

Did Neanderthals Pray? – Part 1

Saturday, September 20th, 2008

Controversies abound in the homo-fossil record. There are those that argue Homo floresiensis was a microcephalic Homo sapien, and there are those that argue that Homo rudolfensis does not even belong to the genus. We haven’t even agreed upon the chronology of our emigration from Africa, upon how it occurred, and why it occurred. But as the genetic record becomes clearer (thanks to new technologies), these questions have taken a back-seat, and arguably, much more interesting ones are being raised; for example, did Neanderthals have a religion?

I use Neanderthal here as a general term to refer to many of our uncles and aunts. The mystery is the evolution of culture. When did it evolve? Was it a sudden large mutation that brought about the change as many argue, or was it a slow and predictable process caused by multiple factors?
I’m going to try and convince you that it was a little of both. But first, for those who are not familiar, a very brief history of our descent is in order.

I’ll begin the story at Homo hablis (2.2 mya – 1.6 mya), the first non-Australopithecine relatives of ours. Some of these guys are believed to have left Africa about 2 million years ago to spread into Asia and Europe. Their encephalization is known to be about 53% of modern humans. Until recently it was believed that they were human ancestors, but a study published in 2007 presents a strong case to the contrary. It is now believed that they and Homo ergaster are descended from a common ancestor. Homo Ergaster (1.9 mya – 1.4 mya ) is the the first creature that looks similar to us. It stands almost completely upright, has a much more flat-jaw, and has an encephalization of about 70 – 72% that of humans. The very famous Turkana Boy is a specimen of this species. Nicknamed “working man”, H. Ergaster were skilled tool makers. H. Habilis had previously been using some basic flints, but Ergasters developed the very popular hand-axes and cleavers. In the latter part of their existence, those populations that emigrated early from Africa are referred to as Homo erectus. Again, as in every other step of the way, great controversy surrounded the classification of these beings. It is today generally agreed that Homo Erectus are not our ancestors. This idea is completely compliant with the Out-of-Africa hypothesis. So the Ergasters were eventually replaced by Homo heidelbergensis (0.6 mya – 0.4 mya). These creatures with an encephalization of 82% – 104% stood on average taller than modern humans. Three lines descend from the Ergasters – Homo neanderthalensis, Homo floreneisis, and Homo sapiens. H. floreneises, or the hobbits are not universally accepted to belong to this lineage. In fact and oddly enough, a Smithsonian Institute graphic completely excludes them from the Homo Family (perhaps it is simply outdated.)

Neanderthals were the accomplished creatures about whom we produce theories after theories. Like the latter Heidelbergensis, their cranial capacity was larger than ours, and they were physically bigger. They lived on this planet for about three times our current measure and showed a panoply of abilities we consider modern. Earlier Neanderthanls lived pretty slow and steady, but those that lived with us are thought to have borrowed our advanced tools, and used them by mimicking us. Whether or not they developed these tools themselves, (or perhaps we learned some things from them) the fact that they could use them as skillfully proves the presence of some key mental faculties. Homo Sapiens, making an appearance about 200,000 years ago, emigrated from Africa in two waves. There was the ancient lineage that left the motherland more than a 100,000 years ago, and there was the tribe from which all living men and women are descended that emigrated about 40,000 – 50,000 years ago (some believe that some of the aboriginal populations alive today are a mix of the new lineage and the old – I find this somewhat fanciful.) But then about 30,000 years ago, we find a burst of what we call culture: wall paintings in French Caves, religious buildings in Gobleke Tepe, sculptures and symbolic objects traveling through bands of tribes.

So what led to this sudden burst? There are theories in the air proposing the complete evolution of the modern mind as being very recent, about 10,000 – 15,000 yrs. But can that be right? Can it be that only in the last ~250 generations have we been selected for what allegedly differs us from Cro-Magnons? Perhaps these theories are a little short-sighted. We can plainly see that technological advancement is not linear, but exponential, so maybe our ancestors just had a slow start. The glaciation periods that shadowed most of the 190,000 years of their existence must have made long-distance traveling, communication, and general survival very difficult. So maybe their everyday problems did not involve developing faster virtual networks, and discovering the secrets of higgs fields, but instead finding fresh food, and maintaining social structure. And in all honesty, these are not the concerns of modern tribal societies either. If people that are genetically the same as us can live in such a radically “primitive” world, then what more proof do we need?

But we can’t just proceed on such a simple basis, we must have a look at other creatures alive today who are also of the same family. Chimpanzees, Bonobos, Gorillas, and other primates are all part of the much larger family that connects us. Ourselves and chimps had a common ancestor 6 million years ago. And chimps don’t have any culture, do they? Several researchers are studying just this. We have found that many of the “lesser apes” live in harsh hierarchical societies. And we have also seen that the “greater apes” can cognate many parts of our world. They might not be able to speak or pantomime effectively (also a matter of debate as discussed in an older post) but they have certainly convinced us not to overlook their abilities.

But before we address the question of culture/religion in their societies, we have to first agree that religion cannot exist without language. So let’s try to connect linguistic abilities in humans to their counterparts in the living natural world. Now there are waaaaay to many papers and studies that can be covered in this subject, so I’m going to try and stay modest, and mention only those two or three that I find the most striking.

But first it should be noted that vocalizing animals are not evidence of “speaking” animals. Lots of creatures (mammals/birds) are known to have multiple noises in their vocabulary, each meaning something different, and often further constructable. For example, the calls made by male putty-nosed monkeys in case of an aerial attack are different from those made in case of a ground attack. This is very important, but it has been found that creatures like this make these sounds universally. They make them in the absence of other members of their species; they learn these sounds not from their parents and surroundings (like we learn our words) but from genetically coded information. Their so called “words” are more like our audio expressions – laughing, screaming – and other things we do universally, things that do not differ culture by culture.

… this article continues here.

Secularists and Christians agree: Church of England’s apology to Darwin is ridiculous

Monday, September 15th, 2008

Yesterday, the official state church of the United Kingdom, the Church of England, formally apologized to British naturalist Charles Darwin for “for misunderstanding [him] and, by getting our first reaction wrong, encouraging others to misunderstand [him] still,” according to the official statement.

Secularists and Anglicans have come together to berate the act as hollow. Darwin’s own great-great grandson has referred to it as “pointless,” and former Conservative Minister Ann Widdecombe, apparently tired of a Christian church seeking forgiveness for its transgressions, said that the Church has “already apologized for slavery and for the Crusades. When is it all going to stop? It’s insane and makes the Church of England look ridiculous.”

While Ms. Widdecombe appears to believe that apologizing for organized mass brutality lies somewhere between “insane” and “ridiculous,” Darwin’s great-great grandson’s epithet for the act, “hollow,” is an actually sensible commentary on this one. While Widdecombe, who is a convert from Anglicanism to Catholicism, is apparently more incensed by the idea that a Church can err than that ruthlessly slandering science is OK, the simple fact is that this act is (as Andrew Darwin has observed) pointless.

The Church of England did not accompany this apology with a precise enumeration of its erroneous factual assertions against Darwin or his theory of evolution by natural selection, nor does it accompany a pledge to help legitimate science organizations oppose creationism with the Church’s resources. The Church has not stated that it will forever remove itself from questions over whether creationism ought to be offered as science in school classrooms (though to be fair Anglican head Rowan Williams has expressed his personal opposition to creationism in schools), and it has not stated that it will modify its sermons that include Genesis quotations with disclaimers to the effect of “but Darwin really got this one right.” Their apology even contains an apparent snipe against secularism: “the problem is not just [Darwin's] religious opponents but those who falsely claim [him] in support of their own interests.”

It is unusual that Rowan Williams, the leader of the Anglican Communion who could be easily mistaken for an “Anglican Pope,” would want to issue a statement like this right now. While this is consistent with his fairly liberal stance on some issues, from a commonsense approach to homosexuality to a disastrously unpopular comment on the possibility of adopting Sharia law in certain parts of the UK, it does not reflect the generally conservative stance on human origins held by many other Christian denominations. While it is well known most conservative Protestant groups appear unequivocally opposed to evolutionary theory, it is less discussed that even the Catholic position on the theory of evolution has become muddied by Joseph Ratzinger’s recently-publicized Creation and Evolution, which is a tactful, careful critique of empiricism that stops just short of endorsing creationism.

Perhaps the Church of England wants to portray itself as a more liberal, more modern alternative to the Catholic Church (its primary competitor). Perhaps the Communion is simply trying to flex its muscles against non-English churches that are in the Anglican Communion after the recent controversy over gay marriage in Anglicanism caused significant tension between English, American, and African churches, as the American and African churches are typically much more likely to be opposed to evolutionary theory.

In any case, this apology cannot be treated as sincere as it contains no promises to action and no reference to specific wrongs done. Instead, it wastes our time with oblique swipes against the secularists who have never humiliated themselves by slandering good biological science in the first place and an awkward comparison between Darwin and Galileo; by making this comparison, the Church is shrugging its shoulders and saying that it probably isn’t that big a deal anyway because you should think that creationism is no more widespread or pernicious than geocentrism. In short, the Church is apologizing for a mote, when they owe us the receipt for a plank.

That there is some kind of political motive here is transparent. The Church of England has not offered any commentary on the implications of the truth of evolution on its own teachings or its stance on any issue, including Biblical accounts of human origins. They may be apologizing, but I am certain that they are not authentically sorry for what they did to two centuries of reasoned discourse on questions of science.

A quick note to creationists

Sunday, September 14th, 2008

Dear creationists,

As much as I love you all to death for making it clear why good science education is an absolute necessity, I have recently come across one of the most irritating straw man arguments I have heard from you, namely the misconception that evolution is atheism. I know that although not all of you think that this is the case, a lot of you do – enough to make me decide to write this quick note.

The simple fact is that you creationists need to understand that the theory of evolution has nothing to do with atheism or even religion for that matter. Failing to understand this makes us skeptical people want to smash our heads on our desks in frustration, and I don’t think that you want to be responsible for any injury sustained by another human being, do you? I have noticed that whenever I pose a seemingly simple question to you creationists along the lines of “Where in the theory of evolution does it say that there is no god?”, most of you start fumbling, fudging, preaching or quoting from the Bible. This does not help your cause, creationists. This makes you look really ignorant. Just so you know.

I’ll set it straight once and for all: The scientific theory of evolution is not atheism. Understanding the theory does not require atheism. The theory of evolution is silent on the issue of the existence of an active deity, and it is no different from the other scientific theories in that it does not make any claims about anyone’s pet religious ideas. The debate on the existence of an active deity is not a part of the scientific theory of evolution. Evolutionists do not bring God into the facts supporting evolution; rather, it is usually creationists who start the old straw man about evolution actually being ‘atheism’.

One creationist went as far as to tell me that evolution is atheistic because the theory of evolution does not mention that god was involved in the evolutionary process. However, this notion is false because the theory of evolution does not make a claim one way or another about the existence of a deity, and although the theory of evolution does not say that a supernatural deity directed the evolutionary process, it does not say that there is no active deity. The theological arguments about the existence of an active deity/personal god is not included in the study of origins simply because it is not science and because there is no evidence for the existence for such a deity directing the development of life.

Creationists, if you want to make a convincing argument that evolution equates to atheism because god is not mentioned in the theory of evolution, why don’t you claim that meteorology also equates to atheism because the meteorologists do not say that god is involved in directing wind patterns?

You insist on mentioning god and pushing your fundamentalist religious beliefs into everything, yet you creationists are the ones who claim that evolutionists are attacking religion. You are the ones viewing creationism as your religion, so perhaps you are merely projecting when you whine about how evolution is an ‘atheistic religion’.

So, get on with it, creationists. Either rage at those darned evil meteorologists for not mentioning how your god controls weather patterns, or stop hitting on biologists for not mentioning god when describing the scientific theory of evolution. It would make you look less ignorant, and less ignorance is something that would be good for all of us.

Love,

Shalini

ID’s REAL Equal Weight

Friday, September 5th, 2008

Via Steve Greenberg

What purpose?

Monday, August 25th, 2008

Shalini got me thinking on a point that keeps coming up when dealing with liberal, or at least, evolution-accepting Christians. And that is, how do they reconcile a “purposeless” and “heartless” process of evolution (Dr. Kenneth Miller’s words, quoted from Shalini’s article), with a teleological (or purposeful) universe?

Now they can go to the “God works in mysterious ways” argument, but that doesn’t really ever answer anything (how many people are atheists today because of that answer).

Or there’s “God can intervene (directly) in evolution”, but that violates the whole naturalistic basis of science. For this argument to be true, there would have to be evidence of some evolutionary change that couldn’t have come about naturally. Since that evidence doesn’t exist (although unlikely, it is a possibility), god likely hasn’t intervened (here absence of evidence is evidence for absence).

Another theistic view could be that “God intervenes in the universe, guiding natural events which lead to selection pressures which lead to us” sort of far-fetched view, but once again, there’s a lack of evidence of intervention (mind you we have less overall knowledge beyond our planet), and at most this could be characterized as a god-of-the-gaps argument.

Also, one could argue that “God set the universe in such a state that humans would evolve in their current state”. This is more of the enlightenment deistic god, and certainly not the Catholic God that Dr. Miller is praying to. Nevertheless, it’s still unlikely to physicists like Dr. Victor Stenger who argues that the universe was at maximum entropy at the Big Bang, and therefore could retain no information from before creation.

Perhaps God really just didn’t know what he was doing and just arbitrarily created a universe hoping something like us would show up, and he got lucky (this time). But if this is the case, why even make up a god?

Where is the “theo” in biology textbooks?

Monday, August 25th, 2008

One thing I’ve realized after years of following the ID movement is that William Dembski can best be described as a gift that keeps on giving. Take a look at this, for example:

Here are some quotes from seven of Miller’s biology textbooks, textbooks underwritten with your tax dollars. As you read these quotes, ask yourself where is the “theo” in Miller’s “theoevo.”(1) “[E]volution works without either plan or purpose … Evolution is random and undirected.”
Biology, by Kenneth R. Miller & Joseph S. Levine, pg. 658 (1st edition, Prentice Hall, 1991)

…(6) “Darwin knew that accepting his theory required believing in philosophical materialism, the conviction that matter is the stuff of all existence and that all mental and spiritual phenomena are its by-products. Darwinian evolution was not only purposeless but also heartless–a process in which the rigors of nature ruthlessly eliminate the unfit. Suddenly, humanity was reduced to just one more species in a world that cared nothing for us. The great human mind was no more than a mass of evolving neurons. Worst of all, there was no divine plan to guide us.”
Biology: Discovering Life, by Joseph S. Levine & Kenneth R. Miller (1st edition, D.C. Heath and Co., 1992), pg. 152

Dembski is terribly wrong on so many counts that he has to be either terribly ignorant or is simply obfuscating the facts to pander to his religious base. By asking where is the “god speak” in a biology textbook, Dembski has shown us (yes, old news) that ID is all about shoving god into science and down the throats of children, destroying science education in the process. What Dembski did not realize is that there is no “god talk” nor “atheist talk” in the theory of evolution itself because  the theory does not make any claim whatsoever about the existence or non-existence of a god. God isn’t mentioned in the description of the theory of gravitation, yet we don’t see IDists demanding to know where the “theo” is in gravity. There is no mention of religion in the weather forecast either and no ID creationist so far has claimed that god should be involved in the description of weather cycles.

Although Miller is a devout Catholic, he keeps his personal religious views out of the way in a scientific textbook. This has nothing to do with Miller accepting or rejecting the theistic god. He is merely writing about the theory of evolution the same way that someone would write about the theory of gravitation. Religion simply has nothing to do with it, and this is the very idea that Dembski refuses to comprehend. The IDists want to shove their narrow, fundamentalist version of religion into science, and they do not understand why current science textbooks do not read like the Bible. Once god is pushed into science, what next? Oh, and which god? Whose interpretation of what holy book? Fred Phelps’ version? Will kids be forced to learn about Yahweh creating man from dust? Will they also learn about Zeus shooting thunderbolts from the sky? Where are we to draw the line?

Of course, Miller is free to talk about his religious beliefs and publish popular books about what he thinks the role of his religion plays in science, the same way Richard Dawkins can promote the idea that evolution is incompatible with theistic belief. No matter how much Ben Stein would like you to think otherwise, nobody is trying to persecute and ‘expel’ Miller for his theistic evolutionary views. Evolutionary theory is discussed in science textbooks without “god-speak” because there is no need to invoke a supernatural being to explain scientific concepts. If Dembski wants Miller to include the “theo” in evolution, he should push for “theo” to be introduced in every scientific field and in every other area of study as well, to replace materialistic explanations with the theistic understanding that nature and human beings are created by God.

Wait – that is the Wedge Strategy. The IDists actually do want to do that after all.

Be afraid. Be very, very afraid.

A review of EXPELLED

Friday, August 22nd, 2008

Before watching the movie, I expected to be so angry by the end of it that some people were afraid that I would end up going on a rampage, killing every creationist in sight. I expected to intersperse my bouts of hot rage at the ID creationists with some laughs at the utter ignorance of Ben Stein et al. I expected to be saddened by how fundamentalist religious beliefs had warped creationist minds, and I expected to be disgusted at the credulous creationists who would flock to the movie just to feed their sad delusions. With all those expectations, it was a good idea for me to watch the movie with an atheist friend. However, I simply did not expect the movie to be so boring. Not even Stein’s nasal drone could have prepared me for the utter failure of the movie to make me either get really angry or to start laughing hysterically.

The movie starts with Stein in his sneakers rambling about freedom and portraying himself as a great crusader for the cause of freedom in the face of persecution. He apparently failed to get the memo that lecturing a crowd of extras about how the establishment is suppressing ID is not the way science works at all. He also failed to get the memo that ID is not about religion, droning on and on about how ‘Darwinists‘ are persecuting ID and putting “science in a little box where it can’t possibly touch god”. Oops, Stein – you scored an own goal there for us ‘evil Darwinists’. You have proven that your side is all about religion, and you have nicely exposed the lies that your side has been peddling all along. Thank you for that little favor there, Stein.

To maximize the sensationalist nature of the ‘documentary’, scenes of Nazi death camps, gas chambers and tortured/dead Jews were badly inserted in the middle of ramblings about Darwinist persecution. Ben, how dare you disrespect millions of Jews that were murdered in the Holocaust by using their suffering to promote your theocratic, fundamentalist, quasi-political, lying agenda? How dare you compare the killing of millions of people with some IDists being criticized by the scientific community for not providing evidence for their assertions? How dare you claim that ID being flunked is tantamount to a new Holocaust? How dare you even think of using the Holocaust as a tool to prop up your lying agenda? How could you, Stein? Don’t you have any measure of shame?

Next, he interviews people who were supposedly expelled or persecuted for supporting ID. He touts the case of Michael Egnor as an example of this great ‘Darwinist’ persecution that rivals what Hitler did to the Jews. Now, get ready for this – all that happened to Egnor was that some people criticized him on the internet. Yes, let me repeat myself if this does not shock you enough: Egnor was criticized on the internet. This is one of the examples of ‘Darwinist’ persecution of ID that threatens the very idea of freedom and is comparable to the Holocaust. Egnor was the very same medical doctor (!) who remarked that one of the reasons evolution is false is because ‘brain tumors don’t evolve to make better brains’. Come on now, Egnor, how could you make such ignorant statements and then get all whiny about being ‘persecuted’ when you are called out on your fallacy? If you can’t take the heat, get out of the scientific ring.

Stein also lies about how Richard Sternberg’s life was nearly destroyed after he was fired from the Smithsonian for supporting ID. However, the truth is a lot less sensational than what the IDists claim. Sternberg was never employed by the Smithsonian. He was an unpaid research associate and he still has full access to research facilities at the museum. As I don’t want to continue beating a dead horse, the real stories about the so-called ‘academics’ who were expelled for supporting ID can be found here.

Stein continues his nonsense with interviews from the usual suspects – Dembski, Johnson, Berlinski, Marks, etc. They trotted out the usual nonsense “The cell is complex, so there is a designer! Design is a scientific theory!! It can be proven!! We just want to be heard!! This is a war of worldviews!! We are being persecuted! Waaaaaaah!!” All this is incredibly boring as we have been hearing them say the same thing for years without a shred of evidence to back up their claims. Those IDists were given the chance of their lifetimes in a courtroom in Dover, their leading light William Dembski was too cowardly to testify, Michael Behe claimed that ID is as scientific as astrology, they bombed in court and their case was shown to be one of “breathtaking inanity”. They had their chance and they failed.

Can we move on now, IDists? Some of us like our brains nice and functioning, thank you very much.

The best part was when the IDists he interviewed stressed that ID was not about religion, while Stein simply ranted in the next scene about how god was being kicked out of science by ‘Darwinist’ persecutors. Those IDists can’t even get their stories straight, and yet we are supposed to believe that they are doing doing real science? In my opinion, I really don’t think that insulting the intelligence of one’s audience is a good idea.

Wait, this is the ID crowd we are talking about here. My bad.

Stein goes on to demonstrate his ignorance by delightfully blabbering about how ‘Darwinists’ still cling to ‘Darwinism’ despite the fact that nobody knows how life actually arose. Stein invokes the tired old god-of-the-gaps argument to claim that since we don’t know everything about a particular scientific issue, GODDIDIT! Apparently, the ’science’ that the IDiots so badly want recognition for is their inane tendency to yell GODDIDIT instead of doing some actual scientific research.

The part where I wanted to slam my head against the wall was when Stein made fun of panspermia and asked “Is this really more plausible than god?”, killing any pretensions of ID being non-religious and again demonstrating his utter ignorance of the issue he claims to be so passionate about. Unless those ‘aliens’ or whatever that was seeding life on earth evolved through evolutionary processes, panspermia is actually ID. The fact that nobody seemed to realize that the idea of an intelligence seeding life on earth belongs on the ID side is apparently because everyone in their camp only sees ID in terms of special creation by the Christian god.

I was curious about the ID creationists’ excitement over Richard Dawkins supposedly admitting that ID is possible. What actually happened in the movie was nothing at all like what the people over at Uncommonly Dense want you to believe. Stein asked Dawkins to imagine a scenario in which ID could be possible, and Dawkins replied by saying that an intelligence could have started life on earth. Now, for those who think that this is some sort of staggering admission, Dawkins mentioned this possibility because Stein asked him to! He was merely answering Stein’s question, not advocating ID. Furthermore, Dawkins goes on to say that the intelligence itself must have evolved elsewhere through evolutionary processes. However, Stein deliberately ignores this, choosing instead to spew his lie about how Dawkins accepts ID as long as the Designer is not god.

The part of Expelled which truly made me angry was when Stein walked around concentration camps trying to look upset while blaming and trying not to blame ‘Darwinism’ for the Holocaust at the same time. He utters inanities about how he is not claiming that ‘Darwinism’ lead to Nazism, but Darwinism was the root cause of Nazi ideas. Stein ignores the widely-known historical fact that anti-Semitic ideas were around long before Darwin and that there were ideas about the extermination of Jews even before Hitler. (Check out Martin Luther’s rantings against the Jews, for one). Stein then claimed that ‘Darwinism’ led to eugenics without realizing that artificial selection has been around since the dawn of agriculture. Stein then threw in more right-wing propaganda with stupid remarks about how Planned Parenthood, abortion and stem-cell research are modern-day eugenic practices. Pandering to the fundamentalist base probably never looked so good. Stein also completely misses the point that even if evolution led to Nazism or that Hitler admired Darwin, the scientific validity of the theory of evolution has nothing to do with the consequences of accepting the theory. Clearly, the IDists making this inane claim are unaware of how science is done.

The movie ends with scenes of people tearing down the Berlin Wall and Stein basically comparing himself to great defenders of freedom and claiming that Big Science has erected a wall to keep god out, just like the Berlin Wall tried to keep ideas out, and that the fight to bring god into science is like bringing down the Berlin Wall, and that Stein cannot do it on his own, so he needs sheep to follow and bray after him, yada, yada, yada…

Thick on the propaganda, vacuous on the science – just like the whole big tent of Intelligent Design. As expected, Expelled fails to tell us exactly why ID qualifies as science. All Stein talks about is how ID is being persecuted, but we never see any of the so-called evidence that the ‘Darwinists’ are suppressing. If Stein is so passionate about freedom of ideas and the defence of truth, why not put the evidence on the table?

Could it be simply because there is no scientific validity to ID and that the only thing keeping them afloat is their spin machine? Could it be that we ‘evil Darwinists’ were right all along?

Scary thought, isn’t it, Stein?

My creationist alter-ego on the Answers Research Journal

Monday, August 18th, 2008

My brain is currently on an overdose of the Answers Research Journal, the exemplary, cutting-edge, brilliant, peer-reviewed scientific journal of the creationist ministry Answers in Genesis. Their journal currently features authors from “prominent research facilities in the eastern part of North America”, such as Liberty University, Maranatha Baptist Bible College, AiG, Institute for Creation Research and the amazing intellectual scientific society known as the Creation Jesus Research Society. Isn’t it wonderful that scientists from such recognized institutions are publishing in a creationist journal? This must be God’s work, praise the Lord!

Despite conducting years of research into the very important, paradigm-shifting question of which day exactly microbes were created in the six-day creation timeline, the most brilliant creationist minds are still unsure of the answer. After all, we humans are not supposed to know God’s plans, but somehow creationists know exactly how God created the universe, and seek to understand how exactly microbes fit into God’s plan. There is no contradiction, just like how there are no, and never will be, any contradictions in the Bible. The research on when microbes were created in the Biblical plan will provide new insights on how the world works. We may even be able to conclusively show that microbes don’t actually cause diseases, and that evil spirits or God’s smiting abilities are responsible, so only faith healing would work! Isn’t this awesome? We might also someday show those evolutionists that the earth is actually flat and rests on pillars! Praise the Lord!

In our awesome, God-endorsed, Bible certified, creationist journal, it has been proven without a doubt that “Although we cannot be certain as to specifically when the Creator made microbes, it is within His character to make entire interwoven, “packaged” systems to sustain and maintain life.”, and this contributes to science in, uh, in the, uh, somehow, ok? Stop persecuting us!! Are you laughing? Smite smite smite, are you dead now? Praise the Lord!

We know that disease-causing bacteria was caused by the Fall, because before the Fall all was good! Our research methods (yes, it is the Answers RESEARCH Journal, so it is serious research!) in proving this include reading Genesis, reading it again, pretending that Genesis 1 and 2 don’t contradict, reading it aloud, reading it while on the toilet, thumping it, speaking in tongues while rolling all over the floor, reading it yet again, and praying. Lots of praying. Don’t forget the praying! Praise the Lord!

An awesome creation scientist has discovered that:

From a creation view, it appears, then, that the origin of microbial based disease has at least two primary causes, (1) post-Fall genetic alteration of the original good microbe and/or (2) post-Fall displacement or movement of the microbe from the site where it performed its beneficial function.

This makes so much sense, is good science, has been proven by our brilliant research methods of reading Genesis, reading Genesis again and praying; should be taught in schools, contributes so much to our understanding of disease, is Godly, is based on the Bible, and is amazing in its awesomeness and smite-preventing power! The origin of disease-causing bacteria is, of course, the Fall! Doesn’t this make things so much easier? Praise the Lord!

By reading Genesis, creation scientists have proven that disease causing bacteria originated after the Fall. This revolutionary discovery would have earned them a Nobel Prize if not for the Darwinian Inquisition that persecutes creationists. This discovery also shows that creationists are awesome in their scientific research and somehow, although we don’t really understand it right now, this discovery contributes more to science than anything Darwinists have ever done. All microbiology textbooks need to be rewritten, in one page, block-typed ‘THE FALL!!!!! PRAISE THE LORD!!!!!’. This would reduce printing costs, prevent students from going broke, save paper, and hence reduce the number of trees needed – all in one Godly go! Creationism is good, praise the Lord!

Praise the Lord!!

Move Over Evolution

Sunday, August 17th, 2008

Poor evolution.

Evolution, which is as sound a scientific theory as we have ever had has been in the cross hairs of religion far longer than any of us have been alive.

Politicians court entire voting blocks by proclaiming their doubts about the theory of evolution, and the faithful cheer.

Why?

What is it about evolution so terrifying to so many? Is it because it gives a natural explanation for the appearance of design as Daniel Dennet the author of Darwin’s Dangerous Idea says? Why not, that seems like a good explanation to me. Nothing is more fascinating or elegant to me in nature, than living beings, especially us: homo sapien.

The appearance of design in organisms is real. But the mechanism of this design is well understood, that mechanism is natural selection. The elegance of this system yields countless complexity, that whatever reproduces with variation will yield different adaptive complexities over time. Its beautiful, it really is.

According to Dennet evolution as an idea is so “dangerous” because it explains that nature is enough to produce all of the marvelous things we see around us.

I do not disagree with Dennet about evolution offering a marvelous explanation about there not being a need for a designer, but I think Daniel Dennet does not fully understand what is at play in the minds of the believers who are so vitriolic against evolution.

We tend to assume that what is most important to the religious is where we come from, but I will argue that what matters most to the religious is where we are going. Which almost all of them are hoping, banking, and betting on is an eternal life, hopefully in some transcendental paradise.

There is one branch of science which has almost nothing to say about where we come from, but a whole lot to say about where we are going. It is my beloved neuroscience.

In the development of neuroscience we have found increasingly more and more evidence for the very real fact that everything we are is produced, contained, maintained, and experienced by the human brain.

Daniel Dennet once eloquently put it, “Yes there is a soul, and it is made of millions of little robots.”

Those little robots are called neurons, and it is the class of cell which your brain and nervous system are made from.

But being somewhat of a bastard, I find Dennet’s “Yes there is a soul…” comment to be reminiscent of the also famous “Yes Virginia there is a Santa Claus…” comment.

There is no soul.

That means that there is no afterlife.

When your brain dies, you die, every ability you have to experience life, passion, love, suffering, enjoyment ceases.

That means there are no 72 virgins for the martyrs of Allah, and no eternity of praises in the throne room of the lamb for the martyrs of Jesus.

It is the end of all experience.

What I can’t seem to get around my head is why don’t we have pseudoscience movements trying to teach the old Aristotelean idea that the brain is just a cooling system for the body, and nothing more.

I don’t see why neuroscience is not under perpetual attack by the religious extremists of this world, it deals a blow to the only thing they have to offer their followers: eternal life.

I wish to change this. I want to pick a fight.

Religious people of the world, there is no afterlife, and neuroscience is the reason why!

Perhaps unwisely. I want the religious to know that if neuroscience is right about how memory works, how experience works, how these things tshut off and turned on by the activities of specific chemical processes in specific physiological structures in the nervous system, then that means that their religion is false.

At least its promise of pie in the sky is false.

I want them to know the truth as I have come to understand it, the life you are living now is the only one you’ve got.

I want the Kirk Camerons of the world to demand that their followers refuse all neurology as witchcraft.

I want the Discovery Institute to try to create an “alternative theory” for the source of cognition, trying to come up with imaginative hogwash for the idea that personality, thought, dreams, and passion is happening somewhere independently of the brain.

I mean, really what motivates more people to believe in these ancient religions?

Is it really that they are just dying to have a solid explanation for where the earth and its diverse flora and fauna come from?

Or is it that they are dying to have a reassurance that they aren’t dying?

ID: Failing at theology and at science

Thursday, August 14th, 2008

Design theory promises to reverse the stifling dominance of the materialist worldview, and to replace it with a science consonant with Christian and theistic convictions. [The Wedge Strategy]

Despite their religious motivations, what the IDists don’t seem to realize is that ID actually damages Christian doctrine. OH NOES!!

God-of-the-gaps (Behe/Dembski)

Michael Behe’s version of intelligent design posits a god that tinkers now and then with his creation to design “irreducibly complex” structures such as the bacterial flagellum and the human eye. The idea that god is a tinkering mechanic does not hold water in light of the Biblical doctrine that god is actively involved in the world at all times. Behe’s theology is one where god resides in the gaps of human knowledge, and that god can and should retreat every time a scientific discovery is made. Behe is claiming that the study of nature by material beings would somehow destroy faith in a god, and asserts that science is superior to religious faith.

Behe’s creator is one who lies back for long periods of time, merely appearing to design one complex structure or another. The extension of William Paley’s idea of a watch requiring a watchmaker and design requiring a designer does not work in the case of Behe’s arguments, as his criteria for detecting design is merely what has not been explained by science at the time.

Behe has placed his religion in conflict with science as his argument leads to using ignorance as a reason for belief in god. This god-of-the-gaps theology ultimately undermines religion by shrinking the role of god as science marches on, and affirms the notion that religion has been disproven by the mechanisms and tools of science. When you look for god in things that science has not explained or what you think science has not explained, all you get into is a big pile of trouble.

God as a tinkering mechanic (Johnson)

Philip Johnson posits a god or an ‘intelligent designer’ which intervenes at specific moments in history to create organisms separately without any evolutionary history whatsoever. While traditional Biblical creationists claim that the earth has to be younger than 10,000 years old, Johnson accepts an old earth but rejects the common ancestry of all life due to what he claims are gaps in the fossil record.

Johnson’s view is based on the idea that god is a magician who interferes sporadically in the natural world. However, if we were to look at traditional Christian doctrine, it is theologically inconsistent because god is said to be always active in the natural world. Johnson’s ideas not only rests on a misunderstanding of punctuated equilibrium and the nature of the fossil record, but also lends a disservice to his god by casting doubt on the supposed creator’s competence.

When we look at the vast number of species that have gone extinct, we wonder why Johnson sees a necessity for an all-powerful god to perform “failed experiments” in the course of creation. Explaining design that gives an appearance of evolution and the necessity of extinction cannot be tested, disproven or investigated, and would contradict the nature of god that is revealed in his own Bible.

As we have seen, ID fails as a science and as a theological standpoint. Therefore, ID is an epic failure.

Science Advocacy

Wednesday, August 13th, 2008

So you are an atheist. So what!?

Atheism, as I understand it means not believing in God or gods, so if you believe that the whole world is held up by fairies and that your body is made up of candy canes, but you don’t believe in God or gods you are an atheist. Golly-gee, big accomplishment!

I will point out that the Stalinist Progressive Labor Party here in the U.S. is a 100% atheistic organization. From my understanding, the Neo-Nazi organization The Church of the Creator is also a 100% atheistic organization. Don’t let the name confuse you, the Creator is the white male. I would dare suggest that most of the readers of this blog have little in common with Stalinists and Neo-Nazis.

For me, atheism is a side effect of a much more important assertion, which is that the natural world is all that exists, and science is how we understand that world. Science is an application of what philosopher’s call methodological naturalism.

For those who study science and value science as a way to discover things about reality there is a bit of an existential conundrum. You basically have two choices, you can put your head in the sand and rant and rave about the limits of science (which are ever decreasing), or you can carry methodological naturalism to what seems to me to be the obvious conclusion which is philosophical naturalism.

The people who call themselves “atheists” that I count as my comrades are at the very least philosophical naturalists. Philosophical naturalists essentially treat reality as what science calls reality. Pretty fraking simple.

This carries with it a burden, and that burden is to try to advocate for action which is consistent with what we know to be real as a result of science. Only one of these things is the unlikelihood of the Abrahamic god (not to mention other gods).

I think of equal importance is that we advocate for other pertinent things which the scientific evidence is beginning to weigh in clearly on.

For example human affected climate change has reached as much of a scientific consensus as anything can in science. Yet, I see very little from the mouths of philosophical naturalists on this issue, I guess its just more fun to complain about young-earth creationists.

For me investing a lot of time and energy on young-earth creationists is a little like trying to prevent a violent take-over by the Amish. As far as affecting the ability of science to inform policy and science to cause real world action to improve the world, these whak-a-doos are not much of a threat. You just don’t hear too many senators argue their policies on the idea that cave men rode dinosaurs like horses. But the fact that human affected climate change has been framed as a scientific mystery with two sides to the issue, and the “atheists” have remained largely silent about it is a real threat to the ability of science to help us make wise decisions. Human affected climate change has two sides to the same extent that intelligent design and evolution do. Which hopefully you realize that means it doesn’t have two sides. The data is conclusive and a consensus has been reached, in science thats as good as it gets.

“Atheists” have also remained largely silent about stem-cell research and “abstinence only” sex education. Sam Harris will occasionally mention these two things as evidence of the fact that the religious exercise far too strong a foothold on policy, but I argue that this is not enough.

We know a great deal about human sexuality and the psychological factors at play due to a half century of psychological research. We also know a great deal about human development in utero and how the brain develops. We know what the brain needs, generally, to be self-aware, to suffer, to experience life in any meaningful way. We also know with great certainty that a blastocyst, which is the what the organism we use for embryonic stem-cell research is called, does not cut the mustard for consciousness, not even close. Fighting for better sex-education and funding embryonic stem-cell research should be on the forefront of a secularist agenda.

In essence what I am arguing is that those of us who have found ourselves energized in the secular movement, and inspired to fight superstition, need to ask ourselves what are we trying to do. Are we just searching for catharsis about how annoyed we are at the antics of the religious are we trying to make the world a better place?

If you are with me in trying to make the world a better place, I think that what we must do is make it a top priority to find out how science is weighing on issues of political consequence and speak on behalf of science.

Is irreducible complexity a problem for evolution?

Wednesday, August 13th, 2008

A question for evolutionists: If we DID discover some biological feature that was irreducibly complex, to your satisfaction and to the satisfaction of all reasonable observers, would that justify the design inference?

An irreducibly complex system is generally defined as a system that loses its function if any one part is removed. If such a system is found, all it would show is that it did not evolve by the addition of single parts with no change in function. However, since this is not the only evolutionary mechanism around, the IDists who use this argument simply show themselves to be completely ignorant when it comes down to how evolution actually works. An irreducibly complex system would not pose a problem for evolution nor justify the design inference.

A reducibility complex system is both a property of the system and of the observer. Not only does the system have to be reduced to its known elements, the observer must also be capable of reducing it. Therefore, when we find an ‘irreducibility complex’ system, we must ask if we can improve our knowledge of that system. What the IDists do is to close their eyes and yell ‘God The Designer did it!’ instead of doing some actual science.

On the other hand, finding traces of a transcendental Designer would be a discovery worthy of a Nobel Prize. The next step after finding the designer is elucidating its nature and its relationship to our universe. Is the designer an alien from outer space? Is the designer William Dembski? No one has ‘proof’ on the nonexistence of a partial or total designer, or course, but we have evidence of a self-evolving universe.

The creationists are after a regression to the ‘god-of-the-gaps’ anti-scientific tactic as their design inference explains nothing at all. What could these irreducibly complex features tell us about the designer or the mechanisms of design? What exactly does the design inference explain apart from ‘We don’t know yet, so GODDIDIT.’? How does the design inference improve our understanding of how the universe works? Even if evolution is shown to be false, the ID approach is only one out of a vast number of possible answers to the question of origins, and there is no reason to assume that ID is the correct explanation by default.

Therefore, the ID argument fails.

Why I agree with Behe over Miller

Tuesday, August 12th, 2008

Today I am going to commit an act of ultimate heresy. I fully expect to be burnt at the stake by the evil Darwinian Inquisition for stepping out of line – but for the sake of the truth, this is the way it has to be. I am going to support Michael Behe, famed IDist and Dover bungler over Kenneth Miller, theistic evolutionist and star of the Dover trial.

First, let me point out that Miller is fully free to believe that his god set evolution in motion and that evolution somehow leads one closer to god. I am also free to argue that his position is inconsistent as best and completely muddled at worst. Often, theistic evolutionists claim that evolution is compatible with religion without realizing that their view crumbles once you get into the finer details of it. As for those who have successfully compartmentalized science and religions belief so that they do not conflict, I have the utmost pity at the amount of wrangling they would have to have done to arrive at their position.

The scientific theory of evolution itself (like the theory of gravitation) does not posit that there is no god. However, my view is that the fact of evolution cannot be reconciled with traditional theistic beliefs unless some serious compartmentalization or redefinition of terms are brought into the picture.

Back to the Behe vs Miller debate: At Behe’s Amazon blog, where comments are obviously disabled, he (again) admits that the Designer is the Christian god. Old news, folks. However, the point that I agree with is this:

Ironically, Miller is an intelligent design proponent when it comes to cosmology, but is contemptuous of people who see design extending further into nature than he does.

Behe is actually right on target for this one. If you have read Finding Darwin’s God, I am sure you would have noticed that Miller is inconsistent in his rejection of the argument from design. In the first part of the book, he offers a brilliant smack-down of the usual ID arguments, but in the second half of the book, he weirdly turns around and claims that the universe was fine-tuned to allow evolution and this restated design argument somehow points to the existence of a god. He first claims that we should not look for god in the ‘gaps’ of our understanding of evolution, but somehow claims to see god in the ‘gaps’ in our understanding of cosmology. This was the first contradiction I noticed when I read his book, and I am surprised that not many theistic evolutionists seemed to have called him out on it.

In Chapter 6 of Finding Darwin’s God, Miller goes as far as to argue that since we do not know exactly how certain aspects of human nature such as language and consciousness evolved, this somehow points to the existence of a god, or at the very least, a way of disproving atheism. The leap from Chapter 5 where he dismantles Behe’s ramblings about irreducible complexity to Chapter 6 where is restates the god-of-the-gaps argument in scientific sounding language was a jarring shock when I read the book. This goes to show that religion can, and often does warp rational and scientific thinking no matter how hard someone tries to compartmentalize them.

In Chapter 8, he goes on and on about how the universe seems fine-tuned for life, and how the chances of certain physical constants ending up the way there are is slim enough to be near impossible, and that since we can be certain that the current explanations are the correct one, we might as well take the other side of the coin and believe that God did it.

Here is a direct quote from page 232:

The traditional alternative, of course, is God. Even as we use experimental science and mathematical logic to reveal the laws and structure of the universe, a series of important questions will always remain, including the source of those laws and the reason for there being a universe in the first place.

Why on earth does Miller think that science would not be able to give an answer to those questions? By closing off these avenues of scientific inquiry and claiming that they have to be in the realm of religion, Miller is doing what every ID creationist does: Claiming that since science does not have a definite answer for X right away, X will never be solved by science, and therefore X shows us that god the designer exists. Behe has hit the nail on the head – when it comes to cosmology, Miller’s view is indistinguishable from the views of the IDists.

Nonetheless, if we once thought we had been dealt nothing more than a typical cosmic hand, a selection of cards with arbitrary values, determined at random in the dust and chaos of the big bang, then we have some serious explaining to do.

Well, that is exactly what science is supposed to be doing and is doing – explaining the natural world. What Miller spent this chapter doing is telling us about how impossible the odds of the universe existing with the current set of physical constants is, science does not have an answer to this yet, and for some reason never will, and so there is a god. Doesn’t this sound exactly like what Behe and Dembski claim about the bacterial flagellum?

On page 251, Miller continues to sound exactly like an IDist:

Once He had fixed the physical nature of the universe, once He had ensured that the constants of nature would create a chemistry and physics that allowed for life, God would then have gone about the process of producing creatures….

A god tinkering with the physical constants, intelligently designing the universe to sustain life, creating the whole universe with humans, on this tiny insignificant planet on the grand scheme of things to worship him….something does not sound right here. Why do I feel like I am reading one of Dembski’s god-saturated ID books all of a sudden? Behe has been shown to be right once again – Miller is an ID creationist (at least by the look of what he has written in his own book) when it comes to fields apart from his own. When it involves evolutionary biology, he soundly and rightfully criticizes the ID proponents and exposes their nonsensical arguments for what they are. However, Miller is a typical ID creationist when it comes to cosmology.

Although I would readily admit that Miller has contributed a lot in helping some Christians embrace evolution, these glaring inconsistencies have to be addressed, especially when they are so blatantly clear to those on the ID proponent side of the fence and even more so when the theistic evolutionist side seems to be strangely silent.